可以说这是我的第一篇github-blog，下面通过Markdown一步步描述从环境搭建到运行看效果。
安装Ruby
Windows 用户访问 http://rubyinstaller.org/ 下载 130MB 大小的 rubyinstaller-devkit-2.7.0-1-x64.exe
安装时注意勾选 Add Ruby executables to your PATH，没选的话可以手工配置一下 Path=D:\Develop\Ruby27-x64\bin;...
安装完成后，按照提示再安装 MSYS2（在弹出的窗口选择 3 - MSYS2 and MINGW development toolchain）（这个耗时有点长，慢慢等待…）
然后在命令提示符中验证一下安装结果
C:\Users\Jadyer>ruby -v
ruby 2.7.0p0 (2019-12-25 revision 647ee6f091) [x64-mingw32]
安装Jekyll
这里通过 RubyGems 安装 Jekyll，所以先到官网 https://rubygems.org/ 下载 1.26MB 大小的rubygems-3.1.2.zip
接着解压压缩包到桌面，并在命令提示符中执行安装命令
C:\Users\Jadyer\Desktop\rubygems-3.1.2>ruby setup.rb
Successfully built RubyGem
Name: bundler
Version: 2.1.2
File: bundler-2.1.2.gem
Bundler 2.1.2 installed
RubyGems 3.1.2 installed
Regenerating binstubs
Parsing documentation for rubygems-3.1.2
Installing ri documentation for rubygems-3.1.2
...
...
...
RubyGems installed the following executables:
D:/Develop/Ruby27-x64/bin/gem
D:/Develop/Ruby27-x64/bin/bundle
Ruby Interactive (ri) documentation was installed. ri is kind of like man
pages for Ruby libraries. You may access it like this:
ri Classname
ri Classname.class_method
ri Classname#instance_method
If you do not wish to install this documentation in the future, use the
--no-document flag, or set it as the default in your ~/.gemrc file. See
'gem help env' for details.
D:\Develop\rubygems-3.1.2>
然后删掉 rubygems-3.1.2 文件夹，它没用了
下面进入正题：用 RubyGems 来安装 Jekyll（这个耗时也有点长…）
C:\Users\Jadyer>gem install jekyll
Fetching public_suffix-4.0.3.gem
Fetching addressable-2.7.0.gem
Fetching colorator-1.1.0.gem
...
...
...
Successfully installed public_suffix-4.0.3
Successfully installed addressable-2.7.0
Successfully installed colorator-1.1.0
...
...
...
Successfully installed jekyll-4.0.0
Parsing documentation for public_suffix-4.0.3
Installing ri documentation for public_suffix-4.0.3
Parsing documentation for addressable-2.7.0
Installing ri documentation for addressable-2.7.0
Parsing documentation for colorator-1.1.0
Installing ri documentation for colorator-1.1.0
...
...
...
Parsing documentation for jekyll-4.0.0
Installing ri documentation for jekyll-4.0.0
Done installing documentation for public_suffix, addressable, colorator, http_parser.rb, eventmachine, em-websocket, concurrent-ruby, i18n, ffi, sassc, jekyll-sass-converter, rb-fsevent, rb-inotify, listen, jekyll-watch, kramdown, kramdown-parser-gfm, liquid, mercenary, forwardable-extended, pathutil, rouge, safe_yaml, unicode-display_width, terminal-table, jekyll after 27 seconds
26 gems installed
C:\Users\Jadyer>
至此，Jekyll就安装完毕了
创建博客
先建一个文件夹（这里命名为 Jekyll）用于存放博客内容，然后在命令提示符中执行以下命令创建 Jekyll 工作区
D:\Develop\Code\Jekyll>jekyll new myblog
Running bundle install in D:/Develop/Code/Jekyll/myblog...
Bundler: Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/...........
Bundler: Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/.
Bundler: Resolving dependencies...
Bundler: Using public_suffix 4.0.3
Bundler: Using addressable 2.7.0
Bundler: Using bundler 2.1.2
...
...
...
Bundler: Fetching wdm 0.1.1
Bundler: Installing wdm 0.1.1 with native extensions
Bundler: Bundle complete! 6 Gemfile dependencies, 34 gems now installed.
Bundler: Use `bundle info [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.
New jekyll site installed in D:/Develop/Code/Jekyll/myblog.
D:\Develop\Code\Jekyll>
注①：在执行完命令后，若过了一段时间控制台还是没有动静，不妨敲一下回车（堵了，执行结果没有输出在控制台上）
注②：以前的 Jekyll 版本曾遇到下面的错误提示，此时需安装 bundler，然后再重新执行命令（记得先删掉上面 new 的 myblog 目录）
New jekyll site installed in D:/Develop/Code/Jekyll/myblog.
Dependency Error: Yikes! It looks like you don't have bundler or one of its de
pendencies installed. In order to use Jekyll as currently configured, you'll nee
d to install this gem. The full error message from Ruby is: 'cannot load such fi
le -- bundler' If you run into trouble, you can find helpful resources at http:/
/jekyllrb.com/help/!
jekyll 3.3.0 | Error: bundler
D:\Develop\Code\Jekyll>gem install bundler
Fetching: bundler-1.15.4.gem (100%)
Successfully installed bundler-1.15.4
Parsing documentation for bundler-1.15.4
Installing ri documentation for bundler-1.15.4
Done installing documentation for bundler after 4 seconds
1 gem installed
D:\Develop\Code\Jekyll>
创建完毕，我们回到本地目录看一下
接下来到博客文件夹中，启动Jekyll服务
D:\Develop\Code\Jekyll>cd myblog
D:\Develop\Code\Jekyll\myblog>jekyll serve --watch
Configuration file: D:/Develop/Code/Jekyll/myblog/_config.yml
Source: D:/Develop/Code/Jekyll/myblog
Destination: D:/Develop/Code/Jekyll/myblog/_site
Incremental build: disabled. Enable with --incremental
Generating...
...
...
...
done in 0.857 seconds.
Auto-regeneration: enabled for 'D:/Develop/Code/Jekyll/myblog'
Server address: http://127.0.0.1:4000/
Server running... press ctrl-c to stop.
访问 http://127.0.0.1:4000/ 会看到下面的页面
复制主题
本博主题修改自https://github.com/Gaohaoyang/gaohaoyang.github.io
其第一版的介绍为http://jekyllthemes.org/themes/cool-concise-high-end/（另：这个https://jekyllthemes.io/主题网站也挺不错）
这里将该主题代码弄下来后，通过 jekyll s 命令启动来查看本地效果
本地启动时，可能会报告下面的错误
C:\Users\Jadyer\Desktop\jadyer.github.io>jekyll s
Configuration file: D:/Develop/Code/workspace_jadyer/jadyer.github.io/_config.yml
Dependency Error: Yikes! It looks like you don't have jekyll-paginate or one of its dependencies installed. In order to use Jekyll as currently configured, you'll need to install this gem. If you've run Jekyll with `bundle exec`, ensure that you have included the jekyll-paginate gem in your Gemfile as well. The full error message from Ruby is: 'cannot load such file -- jekyll-paginate' If you run into trouble, you can find helpful resources at https://jekyllrb.com/help/!
------------------------------------------------
Jekyll 4.0.0 Please append `--trace` to the `serve` command
for any additional information or backtrace.
------------------------------------------------
D:/Develop/Ruby27-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/jekyll-4.0.0/lib/jekyll/external.rb:73:in `rescue in block in require_with_graceful_fail': jekyll-paginate (Jekyll::Errors::MissingDependencyException)
from D:/Develop/Ruby27-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/jekyll-4.0.0/lib/jekyll/external.rb:58:in `block in require_with_graceful_fail'
from D:/Develop/Ruby27-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/jekyll-4.0.0/lib/jekyll/external.rb:57:in `each'
from D:/Develop/Ruby27-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/jekyll-4.0.0/lib/jekyll/external.rb:57:in `require_with_graceful_fail'
...
...
...
from D:/Develop/Ruby27-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/jekyll-4.0.0/exe/jekyll:15:in `<top (required)>'
from D:/Develop/Ruby27-x64/bin/jekyll:23:in `load'
from D:/Develop/Ruby27-x64/bin/jekyll:23:in `<main>'
D:/Develop/Ruby27-x64/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.7.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:92:in `require': cannot load such file -- jekyll-paginate (LoadError)
from D:/Develop/Ruby27-x64/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.7.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:92:in `require'
from D:/Develop/Ruby27-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/jekyll-4.0.0/lib/jekyll/external.rb:60:in `block in require_with_graceful_fail'
from D:/Develop/Ruby27-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/jekyll-4.0.0/lib/jekyll/external.rb:57:in `each'
...
...
...
from D:/Develop/Ruby27-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/jekyll-4.0.0/exe/jekyll:15:in `<top (required)>'
from D:/Develop/Ruby27-x64/bin/jekyll:23:in `load'
from D:/Develop/Ruby27-x64/bin/jekyll:23:in `<main>'
C:\Users\Jadyer\Desktop\jadyer.github.io>
这是因为 Jekyll 中默认安装已没有此分页组件，官方将其插件化了，故需独立安装
详见https://jekyllrb.com/docs/pagination/
C:\Users\Jadyer>gem install jekyll-paginate
Fetching jekyll-paginate-1.1.0.gem
Successfully installed jekyll-paginate-1.1.0
Parsing documentation for jekyll-paginate-1.1.0
Installing ri documentation for jekyll-paginate-1.1.0
Done installing documentation for jekyll-paginate after 0 seconds
1 gem installed
C:\Users\Jadyer>
接着再启动就成功了，访问 http://127.0.0.1:4000/ 就看到本地页面了
Jekyll补充
- Jekyll中文介绍见http://jekyllcn.com/docs/structure/
- _posts目录用于存放博文，格式是：YEAR-MONTH-DAY-title.md
- _drafts目录用于存放草稿文件，格式是：title.md（没有日期）
- _site目录用于存放Jekyll生成的网站文件
- _layouts目录用于存放模板文件
- _includes目录用于存放可以被模板文件包含的公共文件
- _data目录用于存放数据，Jekyll会自动加载这里的所有.jml或者.yaml结尾的文件
- static目录是个人自定义的，一般存放公共资源，比如js/css/img
- page目录是个人自定义的，一般存放站内固定的页面
- sitemap.txt是给搜索引擎看的，告诉它怎么爬这个站
- index.html是整站的入口
- Jekyll语法简单笔记：http://github.tiankonguse.com/blog/2014/11/10/jekyll-study.html
- Jekyll模板语法：http://jzlingmo.top/blog/2015/03/26/Jekyll模板语法/
启动脚本
另附我的启动脚本 startup.bat （idea 中可以把 bat 配置到 External Tools 里）
注意：应使用 ANSI 编码保存批处理文件，否则Windows系统不认识
@echo off
title 自动打包工具【玄玉制作】
color 02
call jekyll s --watch
图床
写博客就一定会用到图片，压缩图片的话可以用 色彩笔 在线工具批量压缩
目前我大部分用的都是阿里云图床，现在上传入口好多都失效了
所以找到了 jsDelivr + GitHub 这个办法来做图床，即稳定又免费还支持全球CDN
做法就是在 Github 建一个 Public 的仓库，用来放图片
然后用这个地址就行了：https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/你的用户名/你的仓库名/文件路径